Usually the driven wheel is supported by bearings on the heart shaft, so that it can rotate at any angular speed, and the driving wheel is rigidly connected with two half shafts respectively, and there is a differential between the two half shafts
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First, the 30-year three-step reform and opening up of China's auto market
1. The auto industry before the reform and opening up
From 1953 when Chairman Mao Zedong decided to develop China's auto industry to build the first car manufacturing plant, it took 55 years to pass. From 1953, Rabin, the father of the automobile industry, led the construction of the No. 1 automobile factory. In 1955, the output of the national automobile industry was only 61. After the completion of FAW in 1956, China’s automobile production rapidly rose to 16,000 units in 1956 and reached 56,000 in 1966. Taiwan, to return to 25,000 units in 68 years, until the reform and opening up in 1978, car sales were only 149,000 units.
2. Three development stages of the auto market after the reform and opening up
Since the reform and opening up, the automotive industry has developed rapidly, and its development process has its own characteristics. Yesterday, Rao Lao chatted about the history of the development of the automobile. Rao Lao pointed out the development stages after the reform and opening up. I am also fortunate enough to feel the tremendous changes in these phases because I am the leading company guiding these two changes in the car.
A. The first step - commercial vehicle lead period
From the reform and opening up in 1978 to the 1990s, the automobile industry was dominated by the development of commercial vehicles. Among them, 86 years ago was dominated by the development of cargo vehicles, and the development of passenger cars was relatively slow. The development of passenger cars after 87 years has accelerated significantly, changing the characteristics of the truck-based automobile industry. At this time, the proportion of cars in the auto market has risen from nearly 2% to less than 10%. The development of the car industry has not yet demonstrated its full potential.
In 1978, the number of vehicles owned by thousands of people in China’s autos was only 1.41. By 1990, the number of people in the Chinese autos reached 4.8. At the same time, the number of passengers in the sedan at the age of 90 was only 1.4, which is the same as the number of cars held in the year 78.
B. The second step - high growth period of industrial and commercial businesses and rental market
From 1991 to 2001, the vitality of the car industry was gradually reflected. At that time, the concept of MPV and SUV had not yet formed. The car is the core representative of the structural changes in the automobile industry. In 1990, only 42,000 cars were produced and sold, accounting for only 8.3% of the production and sales of cars. In 1991, it jumped to 81,000 units, an increase of 91%. The proportion of the automotive market also reached 11%. By 1997, with the gradual saturation of the rental markets of major and medium-sized cities, the development of cars has gradually slowed down. The life of the car and the people at that time was still far away. In the 1990s, movie stars, singers and many other celebrities started buying cars.
The deepest feeling for me at this time was that the car suddenly became a hot industry. Before graduation, nobody thought that the automobile was an industry with great development potential. However, in the second half of the year 91, it suddenly changed. The business represented by Shanghai Volkswagen and the rental represented by Tianjin Xiali became the highlight of the auto industry.
C. The third step - blowout for private consumption
With the wait-and-see period after entering the market, the Chinese car industry has not been knocked down by the impact of entry, but has ushered in a faster period of development.
In the year of 02, Xia Li reduced the price of the entire line, a drop of nearly 20%, which drove the popularity of Chinese private cars in the blowout market. At the time, Xiali of the Asian Games Village market was so hot that the police needed to maintain order.
As the sharp price cuts of Xiali and other cars have reduced the threshold for car purchase, it has directly contributed to the development of private cars in the automotive industry in 2002. The sign is that the proportion of production and sales of cars to the automotive market has jumped to a high of 34%, ending the development of the car for 3 consecutive years.
In the year of 2001, the number of thousands of Chinese autos was 14, and by the year 2007, the number of thousands of Chinese autos had reached 33. In 2001, the number of passengers in the sedan was only 7.8, which rose to 24 in 2007.
3, the characteristics of the development of the trilogy
A. Rapid development of new markets in the early days of change
In 1991, it was the first year of the outbreak of industrial and commercial and rental markets. This was the result of the gradual and large-scale production of the three major and three small projects in the car industry. The period of 87-90 was a difficult period for the development of the car industry. In 1991, it began to quickly increase from 6%-8% of the car's share of the previous period to about 30%, which took 6 years and then entered 5 years. Consolidation period.
In the first year of popularization of private cars in 2002, it took only four years from the platform in which cars accounted for more than 30% of cars in 2002 to the platform that exceeded 50% in 2006. Afterwards, the share of sedan is relatively stable, and the MPV and SUV markets have become the focus of attention.
B. Regional popularity has also experienced a similar process
The popularity of cars represented by taxis in the early 1990s rose rapidly from major cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, followed by the popularity of taxis in small and medium-sized cities.
The blowout of the private car market in the year of 02 also took off from Beijing, and gradually entered the high-growth period of private cars in medium and small cities after 2005. The second and third-tier markets that are widely mentioned at present are the main battlefields for the development of sedan companies.
Second, the future of China's auto industry is full of vitality
1. China's auto industry will continue to maintain its mega growth in the next few years
In 2007, China's auto output was 8.79 million. In 2008, it is expected to reach 9.8 million units, an increase of 1 million units, and the increase rate of 1 million every year since 2006 is still the world's attention. As the growth of autos in developed countries stagnates, the growth of developing countries has become a core hot spot in the world's auto growth. Emerging countries represented by China have grown rapidly. China's auto sales have accounted for more than 13% of the world's sales, and the increase is the highest in the world. .
2. The policy of encouraging the development of small-displacement cars is an important support
We are full of confidence in the future development of the Chinese automotive market. In particular, what inspired our passenger vehicle business is that the Party Central Committee and the State Council have vigorously promoted the development of domestic demand and promoted the upgrading of consumption levels. Premier Wen vigorously promoted energy-saving and emission reduction, and recently lowered the consumption tax on mini vehicles. This is a passenger vehicle for China. The long-term stable and rapid development of the market is a good start, and strong domestic market support has provided strong support for the Chinese auto industry to go global.
3. China should become the world's largest automotive market in 2015
In the United States, the sales of cars in 2007 were 16.45 million, and in 2008 it was 16 million. In 2008, China was close to 10 million. Russia's growth in 2007 was 500,000 units, and we are the high base of high growth. This is the most powerful new force in the world's automobile powers. We jointly researched by the manufacturers of the Association and jointly with the major manufacturers of commercial vehicles, we firmly believe that the average annual sales growth of 1 million in the next 7 years is completely confident that we can surpass the United States in 2015 to become the world’s largest automobile company. This is of great significance to the improvement of the quality of life of the Chinese people and the stimulating of domestic demand.
4, the independent brand wave forward
In recent years, the development of the main brand has been rapid. The wave of the Yangtze River pushing forward will be a powerful driving force for the development of independent brands. Many independent brand manufacturers have a good performance for a period of time, but with the rapid increase of other independent brand manufacturers, the formation of leading manufacturers to rapid changes, and promote the development of independent brands of waves.
5. Automobiles will become the main force for China's exports
The huge domestic market lays a solid foundation for the development of the Chinese auto industry. From the development stage of the domestic auto market, we can also see the same development history of the Chinese auto export market.
The number of Chinese auto exports in 2002 was only 21,900 units, and in 2007 it had reached 610,000 units. Automobile exports began with commercial vehicles and gradually shifted to passenger cars dominated by cars. In 2003, the share of car exports only accounted for 3% of car exports, while in 2007 it had reached 31% of car exports, and car exports gradually became the main force. We provide Chinese-made cost-effective products for many small and medium-sized countries in the world.
China's export structural adjustment has made breakthroughs. The breakthrough in the export of high value-added mechanical and electrical products, represented by passenger vehicles, has become an important support for the adjustment of export structures to high value-added products such as electromechanics.
6. More Harmonious Development of Automobiles and Society
With the rapid development of China’s auto industry, auto ownership will also reach a new level. Through 30 years of reform and opening up, coupled with the long-term internal motivation for the future, the Chinese people’s lives will fully enjoy the results of the reform and opening up of the national policy. At the same time, with the policy orientation of energy-saving and environmental-friendly small displacement and the change of automobile consumption concepts, the Chinese people’s automobile consumption and environmental development will be more harmonious.