Many Vehicle Sensors, sensor fault
judgment, should not only consider the the sensor itself, but should consider
the failure of the entire circuit. Therefore, in the search failure, in
addition to check sensor, but also check the wiring harness, connectors and
related circuit between the sensor and the electronic control unit.
Basic
Function:
The sensor refers to the physical
experience requirements, and according to certain rules to convert the input
signal of the device or devices available. Simply, sensor is the electricity
conversion device. The sensor is usually composed of non electric sensitive
element, conversion element and measurement circuit composed of three parts.
1), the sensitive element refers to the direct feeling (or response) by
measuring part will be measured by the sensing element and the measured is
converted into electricity or other quantity relationship. 2), the non
electricity converting element converts electrical parameters. 3), the
measuring circuit is the role of the input electrical parameters after
conversion element processing to convert the voltage, current or power
frequency can be measured, for display, record, control and processing part.
Category:
The air flow sensor is the inhaled air is
converted into electrical signals sent to the electronic control unit (ECU), as
one of the basic signal injection. According to measuring principle is
different, can be divided into rotary vane type air flow sensor, Carmen vortex
type air flow sensor, hot wire air flow sensor and the hot film air flow sensor
four the first two types. As the volume flow type, which is the quality of flow
type. Using hot wire air flow sensor and the hot film air flow sensor two. The
intake pressure sensor can measure the absolute pressure in the intake manifold
of the engine according to the load condition, and converted into electrical
signals and speed signals together into the computer, as determines the
injector fuel injection quantity basis. Is the widely used semiconductor
varistor type air pressure sensor. The solar term door position sensor mounted
on the day The valve, used to detect solar term door opening. It through the
linkage lever mechanism and the solar term door, which reflect the different
engine working conditions. The sensor can be put in different conditions after
the input detection engine electronic control unit (ECU), so as to control the
fuel injection quantity. It has three different types: switch contact type
solar term door position sensor linear, variable resistance type solar term
door position sensor, integrated solar term door position sensor, crankshaft
position sensor crankshaft position sensor crankshaft position sensor or crank
angle sensor, the sensor is the most important in computer controlled ignition
system, its function is to detect the TDC signals, crank angle signals and
engine speed signal, and input it the computer so that the computer can be in
the firing order of the cylinder from the best ignition time instruction.
Crankshaft position sensor has three types: electromagnetic pulse Crankshaft
position sensor, crankshaft position sensor Holzer effect, photoelectric effect
type crankshaft position sensor. The crankshaft position sensor of different
types, the control method and the control precision is different. The
crankshaft position sensor is installed on the crankshaft pulley or sprocket
side, some mounted on the front of the cam shaft, there are installed in the
distributor. The knock sensor installation in the engine block, the monitoring
of engine knock. The resonance and non resonance type two categories.
Static performance parameters:
The static performance parameters of the
sensor sensitivity refers to the ratio of the sensor output y and input X of
the steady state, and the increment of input or output x y increment ratio,
denoted by K k=dy/dx, the minimum resolution of change of the quantity being
measured in the measurement of force sensor can be detected within the
prescribed scope of the called the resolution. 3 the measuring range and the
range of the allowable error limit, the lower limit of the measured value to
the upper bound of the range between the called measurement range. The
linearity (nonlinear error) under specified conditions, the calibration curve
fitting and the percentage of the maximum deviation between the line sensor and
full-scale output value is called linearity or the nonlinear error. Hysteresis
refers to under the same operating conditions, the extent of the inconsistency
and anti stroke characteristic positive stroke characteristics of sensor. The
repeatability reproducibility refers to the same working conditions, The
inconsistency of the input in the same direction in the whole measuring range
change continuously in multiple characteristic curve. The income of zero drift
and temperature drift of sensor without input or to another value, at regular
intervals, the input value of percentage deviation from the maximum deviation
of the original value and the full range of zero drift. When the temperature
rise of 1 degrees Celsius, the maximum deviation of the sensor output value and
the full range of percentage, called the temperature drift.
Vehicle Sensors Vehicle Sensors,Speed Sensor,Car Coolant Sensor,Oil Level Sensor VESTA Motoring Ltd , https://www.vesta-industry.com
[China Agricultural Machinery Industry News Network in recent years, with the development of unmanned aerial vehicles, aerial control operations can be applied not only should now be used more widely in agriculture. Recently, the policy promulgated by the United States means that agricultural drones can legally collect data during crop production.
US policy enacts drones to legally collect data during crop production
On Monday, Swiss startup Gamaya announced a successful financing of $3.2 million. The company uses drones and AI (artificial intelligence) to help farmers improve crop planting efficiency and save costs. Investing in Gamay includes former Nestlé CEO, Chairman Peter Brabeck-Letmathe, Sandoz Foundation, and Swiss VC company VI Partners.
Gamaya is an independent company from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. It uses a hyperspectral camera to take pictures of farmers' fields. The camera can detect the spectrum of the earth. These spectra are invisible to human eyes. Hyperspectral photographs can show farmers changes in the field, such as water and fertilizer use, food production, and pests.
How is technology achieved? Gamaya will install the camera on the drone, grab detailed spectral images from the farmer's field, then use the AI ​​software to analyze the pictures, notify the farmers of the changes, and let them prevent them. Gamaya claims that farmers can use information to reduce costs, reduce fertilizer and water use, and increase crop yields.
Some big companies are also interested in using data and software to sell technology to farmers, such as Verizon and IBM. In 2013, Monsanto acquired the big data company Climate Corp for $1 billion to facilitate the company's sale of software to farmers.
In the United States, the FAA has recently enacted a new policy. After a case-by-case review, companies can use drones for commercial purposes. This policy is very important, which means that agricultural drones can legally collect data during crop production.
(Original title: American farmers have to use drones to plant a place...)